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Bloomberg – Greenlight Capital Inc., the hedge- fund firm run by David Einhorn, added to its holdings of Ford Motor Co. debt in the first quarter and invested in EMC Corp., Harman International Industries Inc. and Pfizer Inc.
The hedge fund bought Ford’s high-yield, high-risk bank loans at an average price of 37 cents on the dollar starting in the fourth quarter of 2008, according to a May 1 letter the New York-based Greenlight sent to investors. The debt rose to 45 cents on the dollar when the first quarter ended, said the letter, a copy of which was obtained by Bloomberg News.
Given the string of problems created by hedge funds, derivatives, investment funds, insurance companies, pension funds, mortgage securities and hairy bank loans over these few years, it is becoming increasingly apparent that high flying investment managers and financial whiz kids are not as great as they seem in spite of their insistence in paying themselves billion dollar bonuses.
As if these were not enough, Gordon Brown the architect of the British economic miracle of the Blair years is now thinking of printing money – ₤150 billion worth. This sort of makes him roughly equivalent in competence to the whole Japanese Occupation Government in Malaya from 1942 – 1945.
The Times and Democrat – In a record bailout of a private company, the government on Monday provided a new $150 billion financial-rescue package to troubled insurance giant American International Group, including $40 billion for partial ownership.
The action, announced by the Federal Reserve and the Treasury Department, was taken as it became increasingly clear that an original financial lifeline thrown to AIG in September would be insufficient to stabilize the teetering company. All told, the moves boost aid to the company to more than $150 billion.
Fed officials, however, expressed confidence that the money would be repaid to taxpayers.
The $40 billion infusion comes from the recently enacted $700 billion financial bailout package. The government is buying preferred shares of AIG stock, giving taxpayers an ownership stake in the company. In turn, restrictions will be placed on executive compensation at the firm.
Time – Benjamin Graham was well prepared for the Crash of 1929. The now legendary investor had hedged his bets: he would buy preferred stock in a company and sell short common stock in the same company. When stocks crashed in October 1929, common shares fell much faster than preferreds, and Graham made a lot of money off short sales.
But after the crash, most of those preferred shares seemed so cheap that Graham couldn’t bear to part with them, he wrote in his memoirs. They kept falling, and his profit soon turned to a loss. His fund (equivalent to a modern hedge fund) ended the year down 20%. In 1930 it dropped 50.5%; in 1931 16%; in 1932 3%. "The stock market," as Graham resignedly put it in the first edition of his book with David Dodd, Security Analysis (1934), "is a voting machine rather than weighing machine."
It had actually begun voting along with Graham by then — his fund gained 50% in 1933, and he did spectacularly well for himself in the next two decades. "In the short run, the market is a voting machine," he later took to saying, "but in the long run, it is a weighing machine."
In an interview on Bloomberg TV, Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, when asked whether hedge funds might be eligible for the U.S. plan injecting capital into financial companies he said, "the program right now is for banks and thrifts."
On Monday, the Treasury announced plans to use $250 billion of the $700 billion financial bailout plan approved by congress to buy preferred shares in a number of financial companies in an effort to bolster the struggling banking system and stimulate lending.
Bloomberg – The Bush administration will invest about $125 billion in nine of the biggest U.S. banks, including Citigroup Inc. and Goldman Sachs Group Inc., in the government’s latest attempt to shore up confidence in the financial system.
The proposed cash injections in exchange for preferred shares are part of a $700 billion rescue approved by Congress and follow similar moves by European leaders to unfreeze credit markets by helping beleaguered banks. The other companies are Wells Fargo & Co., JPMorgan Chase & Co., Bank of America Corp., Merrill Lynch & Co., Morgan Stanley, State Street Corp. and Bank of New York Mellon Corp., said people briefed on the plan.
Reuters – Japan’s Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, which has watched Morgan Stanley’s share price plunge 58 percent last week, is seeking more favorable terms to its $9 billion deal, a person briefed on the matter said.
The Japanese lender will still buy a 21 percent stake from Morgan Stanley for $9 billion, but will amend the terms to include only convertible preferred shares and no common stock, the source said.
Morgan Stanley is the latest stricken U.S. financial institution to seek refuge in a deal with a larger bank as the worsening credit crisis and accompanying market meltdown has narrowed the options of once stable banks and brokerages.
The Morgan Stanley news comes as Spain’s Banco Santander SA was in advanced talks to buy full control of Sovereign Bancorp Inc in a deal valued at $2.5 billion, according to another source familiar with the matter.
New York (HedgeCo.Net) – While the U.S. Treasury has done all it can to stave off rumors of a government bailout of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac , some say the inevitable rescue is bound to take place after attempts to raise capital for the two mortgage giants have proved futile.
Preferred shares of the two companies are trading as low as 19 cents on the dollar, fueled by assumptions that their dividends will be suspended. This belief was the reason behind Moody’s recent ratings downgrade of their preferred stock to Baa3, the lowest possible investment-grade. Meanwhile, shares of both companies have experienced month after month of sharp declines, with Freddie down 93 percent and Fannie down 89 percent since November.
Together, the two companies account for over $5 trillion of outstanding U.S. mortgages. As the number of foreclosures reached record heights thanks to defaults on mortgages by subprime borrowers, Freddie Fannie have taken a beating since last summer, writing down almost $15 billion and forcing some to believe they will not be able to weather this housing crisis without the help of Uncle Sam.
Both Freddie and Fannie make money by offering mortgage-backed security bonds to investors. By selling these bonds, they assume the risk involved in the repayment of these loans. In exchange, they get to keep a guarantee fee that investors pay upon purchasing the bonds. It is easy to see, then, how the two companies that were believed to be “too big to fail,” started to experience problems. As more and more borrowers were unable to pay their mortgages, the responsibility fell on Freddie and Fannie. As they tried to stay afloat in their sea of debt, values of their securities started to plummet.
Recent attempts to try and find investors have been unsuccessful. Hedge funds like the Carlyle Group and Blackstone both expressed interest, only to rescind until further action by Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson.
"I think it starts with the constant doom and gloom, which makes investors quick to react when there is any sign of trouble ahead, and rightfully so," explains Michael Facchini, Portfolio Manager for Chicago-based Regent Global Funds. "Right now, investors are only interested in the cream of the crop when it comes to the MBS markets."
Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke has spoken several times about increased regulation of the companies, thanks to the widespread belief that Freddie and Fannie are government-backed. While both were created by Congress in an effort to increase homeownership and profits through the sale of their mortgage backed securities, they are in no way guaranteed by government funds.
In July, the Treasury and Federal Reserve outlined a plan to save Fannie and Freddie in order to prevent any chance of a Bear Stearns-like debacle. Among the suggestions, Paulson’s plan allowed for the Treasury to purchase shares of the two companies, should it prove to be necessary. That time has come, with some estimating the government may have to purchase about $60 billion worth of preferred shares.
Shares of Fannie Mae closed on Monday at $5.19, up 4 percent, while Freddie Mac rose 17 percent to close at $3.29.
Julie Scuderi Senior Editor for HedgeCo.Net Email: julie@hedgeco.net
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